Aluminum Corporation of China Limited

Multinational aluminium company headquartered in Beijing, China

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Aluminum Corporation of China Limited (Chinese: &#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;, also known as Chalco or Chinalco), is a multinational aluminium company headquartered in Beijing, People's Republic of China. It is a public company, listed in Hong Kong and in New York.[2] In , it was the world's largest aluminum producer, ahead of China Hongqiao Group, Rusal and Shandong Xinfa.[3]

Chinalco is principally engaged in the extraction of aluminium oxide, electrolysis of virgin aluminium and the processing and production of aluminium as well as traded trading and engineering and technical services.

Its primary listing is on the Shanghai Stock Exchange and it is a constituent of the SSE 180 index. It has a secondary listing on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange.

The major shareholder of the company was Aluminum Corporation of China known as Chinalco (Chinese: &#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;), a state owned enterprise.

Organization

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The company has a number of distinct business segments including (1) alumina refining, (2) primary aluminum smelting, and (3) energy.[4] The alumina refining segment consists of mining and purchasing bauxite, refining bauxite into alumina, and production and sales of alumina chemicals and metal gallium.[4] The aluminum smelting segment smelts alumina to produce primary aluminum and also produces carbon products, aluminum alloy products, and other aluminum products.[4] Finally the energy segment produces coal, generates electricity from coal, develops wind and solar power, manufactures new energy equipment, and integrates coal electricity generation with aluminum operations.[4]

Until , it was also engaged in aluminum fabrication but has since sold this business line.

History

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Aluminum Corporation of China (Chinalco) is a state-backed holding company established to be the primary aluminium producer in the People's Republic of China in .[5] It is the parent company of Aluminum Corporation of China Limited (Chalco) which is listed on the New York, Hong Kong and Shanghai stock exchanges.[5]

Effective from 10 June , Chalco was added to the Hang Seng Index Constituent Stock (blue chip).[6]

In , mining giant Rio Tinto declined a contemplated deal in which Chalco would pay $19.5 billion in order to increase its stake in Rio Tinto.[7] Rio Tinto ultimately declined because "there are lots of Aussies in high political places who don't want ... land and resources sold to China."[7] Along with the failed attempt by China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) to buy Unocal Corporation (which ultimately sold to Chevron Corporation for $1.5 billion less than CNOOC's offer), the failed Rio Tinto deal was perceived in China as part of a coordinated effort in the West to stall China's rise.[7]

Chinalco is investing $3 billion to begin open-cast mining operations, within three to four years, in Morococha District, Peru. The company plans to extract copper ore from Mount Toromocho.[8]

Chinalco holds a 9% stake in the Anglo-Australian mining company Rio Tinto.[9] Rio Tinto controls large Iron ore reserves in Australia. On June 5, Rio Tinto broke a deal for Chinalco to purchase a larger stake in the company, with support by rival Anglo-Australian mining company BHP. Rio Tinto is expected to pay a US$195 million breaking fee according to the contract signed earlier by the two parties.[10]

In , Chinalco reported a net profit of ¥778.01 million, a dramatic rise when compared with the company's ¥4.62 billion losses from the previous year. The company credits increased prices and effective cost control strategies with the financial turnaround.[11]

During July , Chinalco signed a long-term agreement with Mongolian miner Tavan Tolgoi to import more than 15 million tons of coking coal annually to meet increased domestic demand.[12]

Operations

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Engineering and technical services

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A subsidiary is China Aluminum International Engineering (Chalieco) which consists of businesses in engineering design and consultancy, engineering and construction contracting and equipment manufacturing. As a contractor it is the 124th largest construction firm in the world as ranked by Engineering News-Record in .[13] Chalieco was publicly listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in .

Aluminum fabrication

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Through its aluminum fabrication unit, which was sold in , Chinalco sold casting products, slab band products, foils, squeezing products, forging products, powder products, die-casting products, remelted aluminum ingots, and gallium metal and gallium oxide. These products are used in construction, electricity, packaging, transportation, nondurable consumer goods, hard board material, wire and cable, ceramics, refractory material, laundry, petrochemical, and aerospace industries.

Peru

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As of , Morococha was the site of a planned open pit copper mine to be operated by Aluminum Corporation of China Limited. A new town for the 5,000 residents of Morococha has been built about 6 miles away, but some residents were reported to be resisting relocation. The mine is projected to produce about 250,000 tons of copper a year for about 35 years.[14]

In April , owing to Peru's increasing importance as a copper supplier to China, Chinalco announced an investment of $1.3 billion to expand copper production after failing to reach its output target last year. The expansion is projected to add 70,000 tonnes a year to the project.[15]

Chinalco has invested $1.3 billion in its Toromocho mine in , which it acquired in .[16] The project came online in and is, besides copper, primarily producing silver and molybdenum. The investment constitutes an increase of 45 percent by , with the value of production from this move expected to exceed $2 billion.[17]

Joint Venture with Rio Tinto

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In , China Aluminum Corporation and Rio Tinto, the world's second largest mining company, created a joint venture in order to explore deposits in China.[18] According to Rio Tinto chief executive Tom Albanese, the joint venture was meant to be &#;an important milestone in the expanding relationship between Rio Tinto and China.&#; Chinalco was the majority stakeholder of the project, holding 51% of shares, while Rio Tinto held 49%.[18]

On January 18, , it was reported that the two corporations had terminated the joint venture, and had begun to liquidate the joint venture company, Chinalco Rio Tinto Exploration Co.[19]

References

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Almost 70% of global aluminum production takes place in these countries. China being the largest producer of Aluminum produces almost 55% of aluminum in the world. Russia, India, and Canada follow this series. The automotive, aerospace, and construction industries drive production of Aluminum
In this article, we will discuss the top 10 largest aluminium-producing countries and their global contribution.

List of Top 10 Largest Aluminium Producing Countries

Aluminum production depends on the demand of automotive, electronic, and construction industries. Other sectors that drive the production of aluminum are utensil manufacturing, foils, sheets, and container manufacturing.

Here is the list of Top 10 Largest Aluminum Producing Countries:

Country

Production(million MT)

China

35,946

Russia

3,554

India

3,422

Canada

3,256

United Arab Emirates

2,835

Australia

1,440

Norway

1,226

Bahrain

1,017

Iceland

924

Saudi Arabia

853

Let&#;s learn about each of them in detail.

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10. Saudi Arabia

The tenth largest Aluminium Prodcing Country in the world is Saudi Arabia. The annual production of Aluminum in Saudi Arabia is approximately 0.8 million metric tons.

• The market of aluminum in Saudi Arabia is divided by the type and quality of alumina produced.

• Saudi Arabia has advanced technology and efficient for smelting aluminum.This drive the aluminum production in the country which shows gradual increase in its production size.

• The country has some of the worlds largest bauxite reserves in eastern region and Al-Qassim. Therefore the country attract the big aluminum smelter in these region.

• The aluminum market in Saudi Arabia is dominated by the primary aluminum as it covers 70% of the sector and also contributes in the global aluminum market.

9. Iceland

The ninth largest aluminum producing country in the world is Iceland. The annual production of aluminum in the country is approximately 0.9 million metric tons.

• Iceland electricity is majorly dependent on renewable energy such as hydropower and thermal energy. This created an attraction for the aluminum smelter, hence worked as driver to aluminum industry.

• Iceland is the second largest aluminum producing country in Europe after Norway. Aluminum industry in Iceland has a major role in the economy of the country as a significant contributor.

• Around 400 billion dollar revenue is generated through export only contributor. Hence it is the fourth largest contributor in Iceland&#;s economy.

• One of the major company producing aluminum in Iceland is Rio Tinto Alcan, Centuary Aluminum Corp, Alcoa. Although the country is known for its high production but at the same time it is suffering with environmental issues.

8. Bahrain

Bahrain is the eighth largest aluminum producing country in the globe. The annual production of aluminum in the country is 1.01 million metric tons.

• Bahrain is a significant player in global aluminum market by producing more than 2% of world&#;s total aluminum.

• Approximately 12% of GDP of Bahrain is dominated by aluminum industry of the nation. Also a large part of the population is engaged in the production, hence creating job opportunity in the country.

• Kingdom owned aluminum producing company Aluminum Brahain or Alba is the largest producer and contributor in the aluminum industry of the country.

• Due to recent modification in the policies with United States, Bahrain major trading partner, the rate of aluminum production has been directly effected.

7. Norway

Norway is the seventh largest aluminum-producing country in the world. The annual production of aluminum is approximately 1.2 million metric tons.

• Norway is the largest producer of aluminum in Europe and the largest exporter of aluminum to Europe United States.

• The aluminum industry engages majority of the population of the country but creating around jobs and generate approximately 30 billion revenue.

• Approximately 20, 000 jobs are created due to the high consumption rate of aluminum by various industries in Norway.

• Some of the largest aluminum producing country are Hydro, Speira, Roudsand and Holmestrand.

6. Australia

Australia is the sixth largest aluminum-producing country in the world. The annual production of aluminum in Australia is 1.4 million metric tons.

• The country has been producing alumina since and gradually reached the position of the sixth largest producer of alumina in the world.

• There are four states where aluminum smelting takes place which are Tasmenia, Queensland, Victoria, and New South Wales.

• Aluminum production is the key contributor and employer to the population and economy. Around 20,000 people are engaged in the production creating a source of income for 60,000 families.

• Australia is one of the largest exporters of aluminum in the world contributing around 15 billion dollar in the economy through export revenue.

5. UAE

The United Arab Emirates is the fifth largest aluminum producing country in the world. The annual production of aluminum in the UAE is 2.8 million tons approximately.In , the UAE produced 2,700 thousand tonnes of aluminum. In , the UAE produced 2.7 million metric tons of aluminum.

• UAE produces almost 4% of world&#;s total aluminum. The largest producer of aluminum in the United Arab Emirates is Emirates Global Aluminum.

• Aluminum production in UAE has created around 50 thousand jobs in the country and also raises 1.4% profit in the GDP of the nation.

• In , the UAE became the first country to produce aluminum using Solar energy setting a milestone in the innovation domain of the world.

• The domestic aluminum market of UAE uses aluminum for producing various products such as artworks, building cladding, and vehicles.

4. Canada

Canada is the fourth largest aluminum-producing country in the world. The annual production of aluminum in India is approximately 3.2 million tons.In , Canada produced 2,900 thousand tonnes of aluminum. In , Canada produced 3 million metric tons of aluminum.

• Aluminum produced in Canada is mainly used in Power generation and electronics.

• Québec produces 90% of Canadian aluminum which is produced using renewable energy. Hence named as &#;Green Aluminum&#;. 10% of the export market of Canada is dominated by this province only.

• With gradual growth in the transport and infrastructure industry, the demand for aluminum is also increasing hence the growth of production seems to be positive in upcoming future.

• The country has dealt with the environmental hazard caused by to over production of green aluminum but that does not reduce the overall negative effect on the health and environment.

3. India

India is the third largest aluminum-producing country in the world. The annual production of aluminum in India is approximately 3.4 million metric tons.India&#;s aluminum production has increased in recent years, reaching 4 million metric tons in . India has eight aluminum plants, located in Orissa, West Bengal, Kerala, Uttar Pradesh, Chattisgarh, Tamil Nadu, and Maharashtra.

• Aluminum in India is mostly used in construction, transport, car body manufacturing, bicycle manufacturing, and power generation. Also, aluminum utensils are very popular among the large population of India due to their cheap cost and lightweight.

• The country exports aluminum to Nepal, Qatar, Oman, and Kuwait. Each year India exports almost 16.9 dollar aluminum ore in the global market.

• The largest aluminum-producing state in India is Odissa, followed by Kerala, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra. These states are the biggest contributor to nations&#; aluminum production.

• As aluminum utensils are widely used in India, many health hazards are caused by to intake of aluminum particles while consuming foods.

2. Russia

Russia is the second-largest aluminum-producing country in the world. The annual production of aluminum in Russia is approximately 3.5 million metric tons.In , Russia produced 3,600 thousand tonnes of aluminum and in , Russia produced 3.7 million metric tons of aluminum.

• Aluminum produced in Russia is mainly used in the transport, electronic, and packaging industries. the largest producer of aluminum in Russia is RUSAL enterprise. This company is known for its best-quality aluminum.

• The country also exports aluminum to other countries like Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Latvia, and Turkey. These countries are the main consumers of Russian aluminum.

• Northern Urals in Russia has most of the bauxite reserves which has a big influence on the production of aluminum in the country. Also, 30% of aluminum exports come from this state.

• With the recent instability due to Russia Ukraine War, production seems to increase as a result of an increase in demand from the transportation industry.

1. China

China is the largest aluminum-producing country in the world. The annual production of aluminum in China is approximately 35.9 million metric tons. In , China produced 37 million metric tons of aluminum, making it the world&#;s largest primary aluminum producer. 

• Annual production of aluminum in China is more than the combined production of aluminum in the next three largest producers Russia, India, and Canada.

• The aluminum produced is consumed by both domestic and global markets. Key industries in China&#;s manufacturing sector use aluminum for automobiles, electronics, and consumer goods.

• The country also exports aluminum in the semi-fabricated form to another country. In China exported 42. 10 billion dollar aluminum to other world.

• However, the overproduction of aluminum has caused various environmental hazards which made the government implement control over the production of aluminum.

Also Read:

FAQs on Top 10 Largest Aluminum Producing Countries

Which country is the largest producer of aluminum?

China is the largest producer of the aluminum in the world. Around 30 million metric tons aluminum is produced per year in China.

Which country has largest Bauxite reserve?

Guinea has the world&#;s largest bauxite reserves. Approximately 74 million metric tons bauxite is estimated for extraction.

How much aluminum is produced in India?

Approximately 1.7 million metric tons aluminum is produced in India.

Which is the largest aluminum producing company in the world?

Reliance Steel and Aluminum is the worlds largest aluminum producing company in the world. it is an US based company.

Which was the first company in India producing aluminum?

Indian Aluminum Company( INDAL) was the first company in India producing aluminum. It was established in but merged by Hindalco Industry ltd in .

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