How is biodegradable plastic made from corn starch?

Biodegradable plastic made from corn starch is a sustainable alternative to traditional plastic made from petroleum. The production process of biodegradable plastic from corn starch is not only environmentally friendly but also reduces our dependence on non-renewable resources. In this article, we will explore how biodegradable plastic is made from corn starch.

Raw Materials for Biodegradable Plastic.

Corn starch is the primary raw material used in the production of biodegradable plastic. Corn starch is a natural polymer that is extracted from corn kernels. The starch is then processed to break down the molecules into simpler components, such as glucose. These components are used to create a polymer called polylactic acid (PLA), which is the main component of biodegradable plastic.

Production Process.

1. Extraction of Corn Starch: The first step in the production of biodegradable plastic from corn starch is the extraction of corn starch from corn kernels. This involves grinding the kernels to separate the starch from other components of the corn.

2. Hydrolysis: The extracted corn starch is then subjected to a process called hydrolysis, which breaks down the starch molecules into glucose. This process involves mixing the starch with water and enzymes that help to break down the starch molecules.

3. Fermentation: The glucose obtained from hydrolysis is then fermented using strains of bacteria. During fermentation, the glucose is converted into lactic acid. This lactic acid serves as the building block for polylactic acid (PLA), the main component of biodegradable plastic.

4. Polymerization: The lactic acid is further processed through a polymerization process to form long chains of polylactic acid molecules. These molecules are then processed into pellets that can be used to create various plastic products.

5. Extrusion and Molding: The PLA pellets are melted and extruded into the desired shape using molds. This process allows manufacturers to create a wide range of biodegradable plastic products, from bags and containers to packaging materials.

Benefits of Biodegradable Plastic.

Biodegradable plastic made from corn starch offers several environmental benefits compared to traditional plastic made from petroleum. Firstly, it is derived from a renewable resource – corn – which can be grown sustainably. This reduces our reliance on fossil fuels and helps to lower carbon emissions. Additionally, biodegradable plastic breaks down more easily in the environment, reducing the impact of plastic pollution on ecosystems.

Furthermore, biodegradable plastic is compostable, meaning that it can be broken down into organic matter when disposed of properly. This reduces the amount of plastic waste that ends up in landfills and reduces the need for recycling facilities.

Conclusion.

In conclusion, biodegradable plastic made from corn starch is a sustainable alternative to traditional plastic made from petroleum. The production process of biodegradable plastic involves extracting corn starch, hydrolyzing it into glucose, fermenting the glucose into lactic acid, polymerizing the lactic acid into polylactic acid, and processing it into plastic products. The benefits of biodegradable plastic include reduced dependence on fossil fuels, lower carbon emissions, and easier disposal. By using biodegradable plastic, we can help reduce the environmental impact of plastic pollution and move towards a more sustainable future.

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