Lithium Ion battery question

For reference, this is the typical state of charge for lithium poly, at full rest:




If you want to get deep into battery geekery, the state of discharge depends on how fast you are draining it:


To read this chart, just in case you are interested, C-rate refers to how fast you are discharging the battery. For example, 1C beans it depletes the battery in one hour, 0.5C means you deplete in two hours. According to the advertisement of your flashlight, it claims that "medium mode" drains the battery in 3.5 hours (0.29C) and "low mode" lasts 30 hours (0.03C)

The short story is that the battery's happy place is living on the plateau of that graph. It doesn't really like to live on the slopes; that state of charge (or discharge) is unstable territory and will cause premature wear/tear on the battery.

Now on one hand, a size just a small single-cell unit, that is about the cheapest possible lithium battery you can buy, so its no huge loss if you trash one. On the other, hand, if you want to keep it living for a long time, keep it on the plateau. Which means your battery charger should stop charging at 4.2V (all chargers should do that anyway), and you should probably put it back on the charger at around 3.7-3.6V. But again, don't worry if you drop a little below that.


Also, disregard my earlier statement about fire - while it is still possible to have a meltdown at that size, smaller and fewer cells in a battery pack usually mean lower susceptibility to runaway thermal reactions. You have to be really trying to start a fire with a AA-sized single cell. Usually when people ask about lithium, I assume that they are talking about battery units that are at this size:






Or if dabbling in the world of LiPo, this size:













The only way to know that is to stick it in your appliance and see if it fits.

So I'll get a little nerdy. I personally wouldn't let it drop below 3.7-ish. For a small single cell battery, dropping it to 3.5 is probably ok. (measured at full rest, meaning the battery hasn't been powering anything for a few minutes.) Here is why.For reference, this is the typical state of charge for lithium poly, at full rest:If you want to get deep into battery geekery, the state ofdepends on how fast you are draining it:To read this chart, just in case you are interested, C-rate refers to how fast you are discharging the battery. For example, 1C beans it depletes the battery in one hour, 0.5C means you deplete in two hours. According to the advertisement of your flashlight, it claims that "medium mode" drains the battery in 3.5 hours (0.29C) and "low mode" lasts 30 hours (0.03C)The short story is that the battery's happy place is living on the plateau of that graph. It doesn't really like to live on the slopes; that state of charge (or discharge) is unstable territory and will cause premature wear/tear on the battery.Now on one hand, a size just a small single-cell unit, that is about the cheapest possible lithium battery you can buy, so its no huge loss if you trash one. On the other, hand, if you want to keep it living for a long time, keep it on the plateau. Which means your battery charger should stop charging at 4.2V (all chargers should do that anyway), and you should probably put it back on the charger at around 3.7-3.6V. But again, don't worry if you drop a little below that.Also, disregard my earlier statement about fire - while it is still possible to have a meltdown at that size, smaller and fewer cells in a battery pack usually mean lower susceptibility to runaway thermal reactions. You have to be really trying to start a fire with a AA-sized single cell. Usually when people ask about lithium, I assume that they are talking about battery units that are at this size:Or if dabbling in the world of LiPo, this size:The only way to know that is to stick it in your appliance and see if it fits.

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Many factors will go into choosing the correct setup for your unique cart. Factors that must be considered are:

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&#; Motor controller size
&#; Drive motor size
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&#; Accessories using battery power (lights, radios, etc.)

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