What is the Plano-convex lens theory?

When it comes time to build an optical system, you&#;re not going to get very far without familiarizing yourself with the plano-convex lens or singlet spherical lens. Whether it&#;s an industrial, pharmaceutical, defense or CO2 laser application, the plano-convex lens is essential if light needs to be focused, collected and collimated.

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A plano-convex lens is an optical component whose purpose is to focus light into a single point. The &#;plano&#; portion refers to one side being flat (a plane) and the &#;convex&#; portion refers to the other portion of the lens being bowed outward. A plano-concave lens (a subject for another day) means it is bowed inward or is caved in.

This outward bowing produces what&#;s called a positive focal length. A positive focal length means that the focal point (or the point where light converges) is on the opposite side of the lens as the object. This means the image will be both inverted and flipped as seen in the below image.

What is a Plano-Convex Lens?

To understand the topic well we will first break down the name of the topic, &#;Plano Convex lens&#; into three separate words and look at them individually.

Lens: Lens is just a piece of transparent material, generally glass, which has at least one curved surface. It is a transmissive optical device used for either concentrating the lay rays on one point or for dispersing the light rays. Lens function based on the principle of refraction. There are six different types of lenses. Each type of lens has two focal points Unlike mirrors, at least one surface of a lens must be curved if not both

Convex: Convex lens, also known as a converging lens, is used to bend the parallel light ray incident on it so that they converge at a spot beyond the lens. This spot is termed the focal point. These are most commonly used in eyeglasses to correct farsightedness.

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Plano: Plano has a dictionary meaning of a flat level.

Now if we combine these three individual word&#;s definitions, we can obtain our definition for plano convex lens which is as follows &#;

A plano convex lens has a structure wherein one side of the lens is curved outwards and the other side is plane.  It is used to converge parallel light rights onto one point which is the positive focal point.

In this process, it forms real images that can be manipulated by the use of spatial filters.

The structure is such that it is an asymmetrical lens. This feature of a plano convex lens helps reduce the spherical aberration in instances where the object and the image are no at equal distances from the lens.

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