Key Questions to Ask When Ordering HDPE pipe for water supply specifications

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Many sectors have historically relied on concrete, metal, and clay for pipe products. However, because of the pressing need to keep production costs down and maintain quality, performance, and efficiency, HDPE pipes have become the preferred material of choice for nearly any project.

Today, HDPE pipes are a necessity as they are built to address modern-day challenges in contemporary development. As demand for water, gas and many more industries continue to soar, the use of HDPE is on the rise and is expected to keep growing.

Technical innovation and development are continually propelling HDPE as a superior material of choice in various applications.

Are Hdpe Pipes Worth It or Are We Biased to Their Use Due to Their Cost Effectiveness?

It wouldn’t be much of an article if the answer was yes. The costs are undoubtedly a significant plus, but what good would HDPE products be if they couldn’t stand the test of time?

HDPE pipes are a favourite for their ‘green’ attributes as they can safely convey potable water, wastewater, hazardous waste, chemicals and even compressed gases. We’ll look at the how the pipes are manufactured later in the article, but you can read more about HDPE material in its entirety:

To put it all in perspective let’s have a look at everything you need to know about HDPE pipes starting with a brief history.    

1. Historic Development of HDPE Pipe

The first ever polyethylene (PE) pipe was produced in 1933. But, the manufacturing costs were extraordinarily high, and chemists had to find new and innovative ways of reducing costs while achieving better yields. After a staggering 20 years, they finally had a breakthrough.

In the 1950’s, the first HDPE pipe was created by chemists working at the Phillips Petroleum Co.

HDPE materials were first used to manufacture baby bottles since it was safe and didn’t break like glass bottles used at the time.

Here’s a short timeline of HDPE’s rise to fame:

In the late 1950’s, hard-wall HDPE pipe began taking over the functions of metal pipes in gas and oil gathering systems.

In the 1960’s PE started replacing iron pipes in nearly all distribution systems. Soon enough, HDPE took over the functions of clay pipes in agricultural drainage frameworks.

In the 1980’s, HDPE pipe made headway with advanced diameter width and was corrugated to become a better replacement for metal and concretes in the construction of stormwater culverts.

Today, HDPE is a thermoplastic resin that has continued to evolve throughout the centuries with constant developments in its performance capabilities. They are currently in the fourth generation stage of development. Its uses have diversified to replace glass in bottling and metal making of bails, gas tanks, and drums.

20 years into the future, HDPE pipes are expected to replace cast iron, concrete, and steel in all piping and conduit systems. Which promises a great future in a variety of sectors, including:  

• Natural gas distribution

• Potable (drinking) water

• Plumbing

• Industrial chemicals conveyance

• Oil and gas production

• Underfloor heating

• Mining (slurry and leachates)

• Road heating and cooling

A fairly quick rise to fame and it’s not slowing down anytime soon. 

2. How Are HDPE Pipes Manufactured

HDPE, like many other thermoplastic materials, does not possess cross-linked molecular chains and therefore can be melted after application of the right amount of heat. Manufacturing an HDPE Pipe relies heavily on the melting point of PE – the temperature at which the plastic gets to an entirely amorphous state (between 120 to 180 °C (248 to 356 °F). 

What Form is HDPE Before it’s Melted?

HDPE starts out as pellets, also known as thermoplastic resins. At this point, the first stage of quality control should take place. The raw material quality to be used to manufacture the pipes is the first essential (and necessary) step towards compliance with the specified requirements of a quality finished product.

Most companies use three different types of HDPE pellets which are well mixed before adding it to the hopper – plain, recycled and pellets with colorants for UV protection. The mix ratio depends on the specific application of the pipes. If the pipes are going to be buried or used as culverts the need for UV protection is limited, but not excluded as the pipes will still be exposed to UV during installation.

“Depending on the application of the pipe

the quality testing could be very in-depth,

or at least should be if the manufacturer

is worth their salt.”

Which means it would use less coloured pellets for productions. Typically, the process starts by feeding the thermoplastic resins into the extrusion machine using a hopper that feeds the pellets onto a rotating screw using gravity. The rotation of the screw moves the plastic along the heated barrel.

As the plastic runs along the channel depth decreases, forcing the plastic through a smaller area. The combination of compression and screw rotation causes friction and rotation, called sheer heating. This heat, with the heat of the barrel, melts the HDPE (at a temperature of about 230 degrees Celcius.) By the time it reaches the end of the line, the material is melted down and hot enough to go through the die.

The hot and melted HDPE is then forced through a die which then causes the solid particles to align in an extruding cavity. After which it can be molded, shaped, and extruded to be formed into a pipe. The hot liquid HDPE is then injected into the pipe mold while applying vacuum pressure for even distribution. An even flow is essential to maintaining the overall integrity of the final product. Any variations in the flow can produce weak areas.

The molten plastic then flows evenly around the mold to form and results in the diameter of the pipe being produced. A built-in cooling system hardens the plastic just enough to set the shape, enabling the pipe to be extracted from the mold. The pipe then passes through a cold shower to completely harden the plastic.

Random pipe samples are then selected for quality inspection. Depending on the application of the pipe the quality testing could be very in-depth, or at least should be if the manufacturer is worth their salt.

3. HDPE Pipe Quality Control

Today, HDPE pipes have become a basic need since they are manufactured to handle present-day challenges in recent growth. Yet, due to a critical need to keep production prices down and keep up the performance, quality, and efficiency, HDPE pipes have turned into the best-chosen material for almost any project. As the demand for HDPE pipes in agriculture, water, gas and various industries increases, HDPE usage is on the surge and is expected to keep rising.  

What is HDPE?

HDPE, or high-density polyethene, is a kind of thermoplastic material. It is formed of hydrogen and carbon atoms that are connected to generate methane gas, which is afterwards changed into ethylene, and with the use of pressure and heat, it gets converted into polyethene. There are numerous HDPE pipe dealers and manufacturers worldwide, but you must find one that is trustworthy and helps gain huge benefits. 

Different Types of HDPE Pipes

Based on the highest-pressure withstanding ability, HDPE pipes are categorized into several pressure grades called PN grades. They are:  

• PN 2.5 – maximum pressure capability (2.5 bar) 

   

• PN 4 – maximum pressure capability (4 bar) 

   

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  Additional reading:
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• PN 6 – maximum pressure capability (6 bar) 

  
  PVC vs. Polyethylene: Strength Comparison

   

• PN 10 – maximum pressure capability (10 bar) 

   

• PN 16 – maximum pressure capability (16 bar) 

   

• PN 20 – maximum pressure capability (20 bar) 

   

• PN 25 – maximum pressure capability (25 bar) 

   

Also, based on the type of HDPE pipe material, these pipes are classified into the following types:  

• PE 63 (used as medium pressure piping systems) 

   

• PE 80 – gas pipe, drinking water pipe, sewers, outfall pipes, and industrial piping system 

   

• PE 100 – huge demand pipe usage 

   

The numbers indicated after PE show the minimum needed durability in Bar at 200 C for fifty years life range equivalent to ISO-4427. The density of HDPE pipes can vary from 930 to 970 kg/m3. Even though HDPE’s density is only slightly higher than low-density polyethylene, HDPE involves small branching, offering it more powerful inter-molecular forces and extensible force than LDPE. 

Uses and Advantages of HDPE Pipes

HDPE Pipes and fittings are securely employed in different projects with increased strength and quality. The key usage areas include: 

Buildings

HDPE pipes are used in cold water network systems and house affinities. They offer ducting for AC and refrigeration.  

Civil Engineering

These pipes are used in service pipes, water mains, and sewer network systems. They are also utilized for making ducts for cables in electrical facilities.  

Agriculture

Because of the strong wall of HDPE pipes, they are utilized for spraying in water supply systems and traction lines. HDPE agriculture pipes are unsusceptible to soil erosion and salty water making them ideal for irrigation and drainage applications.  

Mining Operations

These pipes are used well in both surface and below-the-ground operations and slurries. They are utilized in conveying liquids and chemicals and mine and pit dewatering in general mining operations.  

Industrial

The industrial HDPE pipes are utilized in house sewage systems for sewer drainage control and water cleansing in sanitary processes. In the petrochemical industry, these pipes are used to transport most chemicals and potable water.  

Marine or Aquaculture

The use of HDPE pipes is in supply lines and floats. They can remove a large quantity of cold water from big water bodies. These pipes also enable trenchless technology that leads to the rehabilitation of present pipelines with minimum disturbance to the surface.  

Advantages of HDPE Pipes

Tough and Powerful:

The HDPE pipes bring high effect resistance and also hold off dynamic and static pressure. These pipes do not break in freezing situations and bear rough dealing and traffic burdens. 

Non-toxic :

HDPE is non-toxic, incurring to its property of being inactive and non-toxic. That is why HDPE is used for potable water transportation. 

Corrosion Proof :

HDPE ducts and pipes are used quickly for underground setups. The reason is that the pipes are electrolytic and galvanic corrosion-proof. 

Laid-back to Chemicals:

HDPE pipes bring superior resistance to chemicals that make them suitable for dealing with corrosive alkalis and acids. As these pipes are totally neutral to chemicals, they are used extensively in chemical plants. 

Lightweight:

HDPE pipes are many times lighter than traditional pipes. That is why their conveyance and set-up are worthwhile and easy. 

Soft Surface:

The HDPE ducts and pipes possess smooth outer and inner surfaces, thus letting small frictional impedance to liquid flow. Likewise, HDPE readily allows firm particles to flow together with the liquids in the pipes. 

Compliance:

One of the critical elements of HDPE ducts and pipes is that they are very stretchy and bend simply without breaking. This main feature of HDPE pipes permits extended lengths of small-diameter pipes to be elated in the type of coils. 

Fast Setup:

Incurring HDPE agility, the transportation, set-up process and handling become simple. Similarly, HDPE pipes don’t require heavy machinery to shift them. 

Increased Electrical Resistance:

HDPE pipes are broadly used as electrical lines because their dielectric power is high. Also, no abandoned electrical currents may be moved from outside. 

Extended Life:

HDPE pipes have a moderate life of over fifty years if used at regular working temperature and pressure. As against traditional pipes like GI, PVC, cement, steel, etc., they have only some years of life.   

How to Choose the Best HDPE Pipe Supplier?

• The pipe supplier must be well associated with the infrastructure niche. If they know the market, they will understand the best products to deliver to you. This can be quickly set up with an email, a few important questions, or a speedy phone call.

   

• The supplier generally offers orders in bulk quantity. This signifies they are utilized for huge volume productivity, and you can depend on their top times and your increased demand. 

   

• The supplier should possess a good track record. An organization that is proud of itself in service includes a reduced chance of providing low-grade products. 

   

• Choose a dealer that is best in the growth, study and manufacturing of HDPE and feasibly same plastic materials such as PPR, PVC, PP, PEX etc. But, be cautious of a supplier that claims to be a sole provider. 

   

• The supplier is considerably easygoing on the cost. More quantity is equivalent to the discounted cost. Most individuals do not like price bustling for a price. Thus, a supplier that stays to the point is a good indication. It is pretty easy to assure extremely reduced prices than the competitors, but purchasing cheap quality for the benefit of buying cheap involves increasing risk than reward.  

   

Conclusion

HDPE pipes are in big demand due to their flexible material that fulfills the expectations of all the water sources crossways the nation. Selecting HDPE pipes for agriculture, industrial and housing water needs becomes an imperative decision that can have a lasting effect on any industrial project or on agricultural land. Buying HDPE pipes from trustworthy HDPE pipe dealers and manufacturers absolutely helps to get the most favourable advantages of HDPE pipes. We hope this post will be useful for you in getting quick knowledge about HDPE pipes. So, if you wish to get a quotation regarding your water piping requirements, feel free to contact us.

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