What are the disadvantages of metal oxide film resistors?

The first alternative to a carbon composition resistor is a metal oxide film resistor. These resistors are very easy to manufacture as compared to metal film resistors. Firstly we have to know that metal oxide is one kind of metallic compound that is formed due to the chemical bonding among the oxygen atom as well as other elements. So it includes a minimum of two or above different kinds of atoms like a tin with oxygen. Thus, tin oxide is utilized for designing these resistors. These resistors are the most frequently used resistors because they have superior performance as compared to carbon film & carbon composition resistors. So this article discusses an overview of a metal oxide film resistor, it&#;s working, and its applications.

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What is Metal Oxide Film Resistor?

Metal oxide resistor definition is; the fixed value and axial resistors which are made with the ceramic rod that is covered with a metal oxide thin film like tin oxide are known as metal oxide film resistor. These resistors should not be confused with metal oxide varistors because they are made with silicon carbide or zinc oxide. These resistors are used mostly wherever power dissipation is necessary. The metal oxide resistor diagram is shown below.

Specifications

The performance guide of the metal oxide film resistor is given below.

• The available tolerance typically is ±1%, ±2%, ±5%, ±10%,
• Its resistance value ranges from 1Ω to 10MΩ.
• Maximum noise is 0.2 µV/V.
• The temperature coefficient is ±300 ppm/°C.
• The voltage coefficient is 0. %/V.
• The resistor temperature maximum is 300°C.
• It has outstanding long-time stability.
• It has overload or high surge capability.
• The standard resistance tolerance is ±5%.

Construction of Metal Oxide Film Resistor

The metal oxide film resistor construction is the same as the metal film resistor except for the material used to construct the film. This resistor uses tin oxide to construct the film which is made with tin oxide as well as antimony oxide which works as the resistive element for the electric current. Thus, this material restricts the current flow to a certain level.

The manufacturing procedure of a metal oxide film can be done with chemical deposition techniques & almost ceramic carriers are used as substrates always. The deposition procedure is obtained by the pure metals reaction with gas at low pressure & high temperature. The metal oxide film is most frequently produced with a chemical deposition process. Here tin oxide is the common metal oxide film that is created by heating the body of this resistor within a tin chloride steam.

Usually, other metal oxide film uses a different deposition procedure. Initially, a thin metal film is applied, after that it is reacted by oxygen. So the desired composition is attained by simply measuring the resistance.

The working of this resistor is; once the film is applied to the body of the resistor then the final value of resistance can be achieved by applying a helical cut. Usually, this can be done by laser cutting but earlier it was done by sandblasting or grinding. Here, the spiral cut on the resistor will make the resistance path longer & also increases the value of resistance up to a hundred times higher. The value of resistance can be controlled precisely by cutting. The resistance of his resistor mainly depends on the antimony oxide amount of added to the tin oxide; the helical metal oxide film cut width & the metal oxide film layer thickness.

Characteristics

The characteristics of a metal oxide film resistor are given below.

• These resistors give better performance as compared to other resistors like carbon film & metal film resistors like voltage rating, power rating, surge capacity, high-temperature operation & overload capabilities.
• So these resistors are preferred mainly for high-endurance applications.
• These resistors&#; stability properties are lower than metal film resistors.
• These have very poor properties for tolerance & low values.
• The temperature coefficient of metal oxide film resistors is higher as compared to metal film resistors like 300 ppm/0C.
• These resistors use tin oxide as a resistive material that is contaminated by antimony oxide to enhance resistivity.
• The antimony oxide amount added will determine the resistance level, the metal oxide film layer thickness & the helical metal oxide film cut width.
• These resistors can withstand high temperatures as compared to metal film or carbon resistors. The noise property of these resistors is the same of carbon resistors.

Metal Oxide Film Resistor Color Code

Generally, cylindrical resistors are color coded with bands/markings to identify the values of resistance & tolerance very quickly like metal film, carbon film, fuse, winding, metal film, and metal oxide film resistors. So the resistance value can be found based on the color code of the resistor. Resistors are available in four to six color bands on the resistors which specify the value of resistance.
Please refer to this link for: Resistor Color Code.

Please refer to this article for the Difference between Metal Oxide Resistor & Metal Film Resistor.

Advantages & Disadvantages

The advantages of a metal oxide film resistor are discussed below.

• The performance of this resistor is high compared to metal film & carbon film resistors.
• These resistors are used by many designers in high-endurance applications.
• These are not expensive as compared to carbon composition type resistors.
• They have superior high surge current capacity.
• These operate at higher temperatures.
• They have high stability & reliability.
• These are available in small sizes.
• They produce less noise.

The disadvantages of a metal oxide film resistor are discussed below.

• These are not appropriate for high-frequency-based applications.
• Nowadays these are not commonly used.
• Its installation is difficult.

Applications

The applications of a metal oxide film resistor are discussed below.

• These are the main types of resistors within basic circuits.
• These resistors are used where power dissipation is required above 1 W.
• These are used where high stability is necessary.
• These are used in medical equipment & telecommunication.
• These are used in power applications around several watts

Thus, this is an overview of a metal oxide film resistor &#; working, characteristics, advantages, disadvantages, and its applications. This is a fixed-type resistor that uses a resistive element like metal oxide film to restrict the electric current flow to a certain level. Here is a question for you, what is a carbon film resistor?

Carbon Film vs Metal Film Resistor

You can choose between carbon film or metal film resistors if you're looking for a resistor. The two have their own unique advantages and disadvantages, so it can be difficult to choose one over the other. By comparing and contrasting these two resistor types: Carbon Film vs Metal Film Resistor, we will be able to help you choose which is right for you.

What are Metal Film Resistors?

Metal Film Resistor

MFRs (metal film resistors) are made by vacuum evaporation or infiltrating metal films onto ceramic pipe frames. Cut the film to obtain a more precise resistance. The film is attached to the white ceramic surface. Metal film resistors are compact, have good stability, are accurate, and are cost-effective. In wireless electronic equipment, metal film resistance is usually used. The high precision features also make them military-grade resistors.

What are Carbon Film Resistors?

Carbon Film Resistors

An insulating substrate is coated with a thin layer of carbon film to form a resistor. Resistors are then protected against moisture and dust by a protective coating. High accuracy ratings, low noise levels, and good temperature stability are all features of these resistors. Low-power applications often use them because they are inexpensive and low-power.

Carbon Film Vs Metal Film Resistor

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Compared with carbon film resistors, we'll look at metal oxide film resistors. Both types have strengths and weaknesses, so knowing both will help you choose between them. In addition to private projects, resistors are also suitable for assignments. Carbon film resistors are often regarded as less reliable than metal oxide resistors. Here are a few reasons why:

Price

Low-power applications with no need for precision typically use carbon film resistors because they cost less. Compared to carbon film resistors, which are cheaper and less durable, metal film resistors are more durable and accurate.

Accuracy of Resistance

Different manufacturing processes result in different accuracy levels for resistors. The accuracy of carbon film resistors is generally not very high, and they are very ordinary resistors. The resistance accuracy of metal film resistors is much higher than that of carbon film resistors due to their relatively high production requirements.

Voltage and Temperature Coefficient

Resistance coefficients of Metal Oxide film resistors are better than those of carbon film resistors at high voltages and temperatures. Resistance changes with voltage when the voltage changes. A resistance change is equal to a voltage change, given a change in resistance. In contrast to metal oxide film resistors, carbon film resistors cannot tolerate higher temperatures.

Noise Design

Another reason for comparing Carbon Film vs Metal Film Resistor is Noise Design. There is typically less noise in a metal film resistor than in a carbon film resistor. Heat is dissipated more efficiently and electrical noise is reduced with metal films. Resistors vary from their set values depending on their tolerance. Because metal film resistors have more consistent and uniform layers, they have a higher tolerance.

Faqs

Question 1: How much are metal film resistors compared to carbon film resistors?

Answer: Resistors made of metal film typically cost more than those made of carbon film. They are more accurate and durable than carbon film resistors because of their higher accuracy.

Question 2: Are metal film resistors better?

Answer: According to the application. Despite being more accurate and durable, metal film resistors are generally more expensive and harder to locate. Carbon film resistors are available in many types, but they have lower accuracy and durability than metal film resistors.

Question 3: Which is better: metal film or carbon film resistors?

Answer: It can handle higher temperatures than resistors made of carbon film and operates in a wide range of resistances. As compared to carbon film resistors, metal oxide film resistors produce less noise. The current is kept to a minimum. As a result, less noise is generated.

Question 4: Are metal film resistors better than carbon?

Answer: There are many sizes and types of carbon film resistors available, and they are cheaper. It is also more expensive and more difficult to locate metal film resistors, even though they are more accurate and durable. Your needs should dictate whether you choose metal film or carbon film resistors.

Final Verdict

Now that we have explained the differences between both types of resistors, you can pick whichever you prefer. In circuits with metal film or carbon film resistors, current flow is limited. Unlike carbon film resistors, which use carbon as a conductor, metal film resistors use metal to reduce current flow. Moreover, if you love the comparison between Carbon Film vs Metal Film Resistor, then don't forget to share this article with your friends too! Enjoy your nerdy time. 

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